Tracking Nepal's GHG Emissions
The MRVIT System is Nepal's integrated national platform for monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions across all sectors, under the UNFCCC Paris Agreement Enhanced Transparency Framework.
All GHG calculations and emission factors are based on IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, as applied in Nepal's Biennial Transparency Report (BTR 2024).
National GHG Emissions : Trend & NDC Pathway
Net emissions (Gg CO₂eq) · Historical · BAU · NDC Conditional Target
Source: Nepal BTR 1 · NDC 3.0
Nepal's GHG Reporting Timeline
- 1994First NCNC
First National Communication (NC1)
1994 · Submitted to UNFCCC
- NC
Second National Communication (NC2)
2004 · Submitted to UNFCCC
2004Second NC - 2016NDC 1.0NDC
First Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 1.0)
2016 · Paris Agreement Submission
- BUR
First Biennial Update Report (BUR1)
2019 · Submitted to UNFCCC
2019BUR1 - 2020NDC 2.0NDC
Updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 2.0)
2020 · Enhanced Ambition Submission
- NC
Third National Communication (NC3)
2021 · Submitted to UNFCCC
2021Third NC - 2022BUR2BUR
Second Biennial Update Report (BUR2)
2022 · Submitted to UNFCCC
- BTR · NDC
Nepal's Biennial Transparency Report (BTR 2024) + NDC 3.0
May 2025 · UNFCCC ETF Submission
2025BTR1·NDC3
Sectoral GHG Inventory
Nepal's 2022 greenhouse gas inventory disaggregated across five sectors Energy, Agriculture, LULUCF, Waste, and IPPU compiled under IPCC 2006 Guidelines and reported in the First Biennial Transparency Report.
Other, Waste Water Treatment And Discharge, Incineration And Open Burning Of Waste, Biological Treatment Of Solid Waste, Solid Waste Disposal
Other, Harvested Wood Products, Other Land, Settlements, Wetlands, Grassland, Cropland, Forest Land
Other, Other Carbon-Containing Fertilizers, Urea Application, Liming, Field Burning Of Agricultural Residues, Prescribed Burning Of Savannahs, Agricultural Soils, Rice Cultivation, Manure Management, Enteric Fermentation
Other, Other Product Manufacture And Use, Product Uses As Ods Substitutes, Electronic Industry, Non-Energy Products From Fuels And Solvent Use, Metal Industry, Chemical Industry, Mineral Industry
Co2 Transport And Storage, Fugitive Emissions From Fuels, Fuel Combustion
Emission Reduction Targets
Nepal's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) under the UNFCCC Paris Agreement. Total implementation investment: USD 73.74 billion (2025–2035).
Emission Pathway Comparison (Gg CO₂eq)
2022 Baseline vs. 2030 & 2035 scenarios
Source: Nepal NDC 3.0 · Nepal BTR 2024